The accelerometer consists of detection quality (also known as sensitive mass), supports, potentiometers, springs, dampers, and shells. The constraint of the test quality can only be moved along one axis, which is called the input shaft or the sensitive axis. When the instrument shell Accelerates along the sensitive axis as the carrier moves, according to Newton’s law, the detection quality with certain inertia tries to keep its original motion state unchanged.
The relative motion between the accelerometer and the shell will result in the deformation of the spring, so the detection quality accelerates with the effect of the spring force. When the spring force is in equilibrium with the inertia force generated by acceleration of the detection mass, there will be no relative motion between the detection mass and the shell. The deformation of the spring reflects the magnitude of the acceleration measured. The potentiometer, as a displacement sensor, converts the acceleration signal to an electrical signal for output. The accelerometer is essentially an oscillating system with one degree of freedom, and a damper should be used to improve the dynamic quality of the system.
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